1. Palantíri-The Stones of Seeing; powerful crystalline globes that enabled their users to witness events and communicate with one another over great distances. Seven of these were brought to Middle-Earth by Elendil.

 

2. Narsil-The Sword of Elendil, forged by Telchar of Nogrod in or before the First Age. The sword was broken in Elendil's fall at the Siege of Barad-Dûr, and its Shards became an heirloom of his heirs throughout the Third Age until it was reforged as Andúril and borne by Aragorn II Elessar in the War of the Ring. 

 

3. Aiglos- The spear of Gil-Galad, carried by him to the War of the Last Alliance. Its name is translated 'snow-point'.

 

4. Silmarils- The three great jewels made by Fëanor in Valinor, in which he locked the light of the Two Trees, Laurelin and Telperion, before their destruction. Melkor stole the jewels from Fëanor's stronghold at Formenos, slaying his father Finwë, and fled with them back to his fortress of Angband in the north of Middle-Earth.

 

5. Lamps of the Valar-  Illuin and Ormal, the two great lamps made by Aulë to give light to the World in the ancient days when the Valar still dwelt in Almaren. They were overthrown and destroyed by Melkor.

 

6. Gondolin- The great Hidden City of Turgon was concealed from friend and foe alike during the First Age by the Encircling Mountains, and guarded from trespassers by the Eagles of Thorondor.

 

7.  Grond- Called the Hammer of the Underworld, Morgoth's mighty mace that he bore when he slew Fingolfin before the doors of Angband.

 

8.  Dwarves- Unlike Elves and Men, the Dwarves are not Children of Iluvatar; they were created by Aulë the Smith, though Ilúvatar granted them life. Aulë made seven Fathers of the Dwarves, and these slept through many ages until after the Awakening of the Elves. Almost all the Dwarves that appear in Tolkien's works were descended from the eldest of the Seven Fathers, Durin the Deathless.

 

9. Elves- The first Elves awoke by Cuiviénen, the Water of Awakening in the far east of Middle-earth, long Ages before the Rising of the Sun or Moon. Unlike Men, the Elves were not subject to illness or death, and at the time of the Lord of the Rings, there were still at least two Elves in Aman who had awoken by Cuiviénen in the first days; Ingwë, Lord of the Vanyar, and Olwë, brother of King Elu Thingol.

 

10. Men- The youngest of the races of Arda (with the possible exception of Hobbits), the first Men awoke in the far eastern land of Hildorien as the Sun first rose and the Noldor returned from Valinor. Seeing the sunrise, many of the first Men set out westwards, and so came eventually to Beleriand after some three hundred years of wandering.

 

11. Hobbits- A mortal race almost certainly related to Men, though their origins are unknown. Their most distinguishing feature was their short stature; even the tallest Hobbits rarely exceeded four feet in height.

 

12. Ents- A race of giant, tree-like people whose purpose was to protect the forests of Middle-Earth. By the end of the Third Age, the great forests had dwindled, and so had the Ents, but they were still to be found in Fangorn Forest.

 

13. Ainur- The primordial spirits, who existed with Ilúvatar, and with Him created the world through the Music of the Ainur. After the creation of Arda, many of the Ainur descended into it to guide and order its growth; of these there were fifteen more powerful than the rest. Fourteen of these great Ainur became the Valar, or Powers of Arda. The fifteenth, Melkor, turned aside from that path and became the first Dark Lord. The many lesser Ainur that accompanied the Valar into Arda are known as Maiar.

 

 14. Two Trees of Valinor- Telperion and Laurelin, the Silver Tree and the Gold Tree that brought light to the Land of Valar in ancient times. They were destroyed by Melkor and Ungoliant, but their last flower and fruit were made by the Valar into the Moon and Sun.